{"id":34,"date":"2023-03-06T11:39:59","date_gmt":"2023-03-06T10:39:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/?page_id=34"},"modified":"2025-08-25T14:30:53","modified_gmt":"2025-08-25T12:30:53","slug":"publication-library","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/fr\/publication-library\/","title":{"rendered":"Biblioth\u00e8que des publications"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"34\" class=\"elementor elementor-34\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c275782 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c275782\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4dc9b29\" data-id=\"4dc9b29\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecd2cac elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"ecd2cac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_center   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h2 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title\">Biblioth\u00e8que des publications<\/h2><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6dc0a1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6dc0a1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-27c0f44\" data-id=\"27c0f44\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-738f39d elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"738f39d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_center   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile- ekit-heading__title-in-left\">\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__title-wrapper'>\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title\">Articles de journaux<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__content-wrapper'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ccec1fb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ccec1fb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-282ea05\" data-id=\"282ea05\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3330717 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"3330717\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 07-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-toggle{text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{font-weight:700;line-height:1;margin:0;padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;cursor:pointer;outline:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon{display:inline-block;width:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon svg{margin-inline-start:-5px;width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-right{float:right;text-align:right}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-left{float:left;text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active{border-bottom:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;display:none}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{padding:12px}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:12px 10px}}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-toggle,.e-con>.elementor-widget-toggle{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5361\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5361\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Probabilistic Solar Forecasts as a Binary Event Using a Sky Camera (2023), Energies<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5361\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5361\"><p>M., David, J., Alonso-Montesinos, J., Le Gal La Salle, P., Lauret (<strong>2023<\/strong>). Probabilistic Solar Forecasts as a Binary Event Using a Sky Camera. <em>Energies<\/em>, <em>16<\/em>, 7125. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en16207125\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en16207125<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>Avec l\u2019augmentation rapide des \u00e9nergies solaires, une pr\u00e9vision \u00e0 court terme de haute qualit\u00e9 est n\u00e9cessaire pour int\u00e9grer en douceur leur production dans les r\u00e9seaux \u00e9lectriques. Habituellement, les syst\u00e8mes de pr\u00e9vision pr\u00e9disent l\u2019\u00e9nergie solaire future sous la forme d\u2019une variable continue. Mais pour des applications particuli\u00e8res, telles que les centrales \u00e0 concentration \u00e9quip\u00e9es de dispositifs de suivi de la course du soleil, l'exploitant doit anticiper l'atteinte d'un seuil de rayonnement solaire pour d\u00e9marrer ou arr\u00eater son syst\u00e8me. Dans ce cas, les pr\u00e9visions binaires sont plus pertinentes. De plus, m\u00eame si la plupart des syst\u00e8mes de pr\u00e9vision sont d\u00e9terministes, l\u2019approche probabiliste fournit des informations suppl\u00e9mentaires sur leur incertitude inh\u00e9rente, essentielles \u00e0 la prise de d\u00e9cision. L'objectif de ce travail est de proposer une m\u00e9thodologie pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des pr\u00e9visions solaires probabilistes sous forme d'\u00e9v\u00e9nement binaire pour des horizons \u00e0 tr\u00e8s court terme compris entre 1 et 30 min. Parmi les diff\u00e9rentes techniques d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es pour pr\u00e9dire le potentiel solaire dans les prochaines minutes, l\u2019imagerie du ciel est l\u2019une des plus prometteuses. Ainsi, nous proposons dans ce travail de combiner un mod\u00e8le bas\u00e9 sur une cam\u00e9ra du ciel et un mod\u00e8le de choix discret pour pr\u00e9dire la probabilit\u00e9 d'atteindre un seuil d'irradiation adapt\u00e9 aux exploitants de centrales solaires. Deux mod\u00e8les param\u00e9triques \u00e0 choix discrets bien connus, les mod\u00e8les logit et probit, ainsi qu'une technique d'apprentissage automatique, la for\u00eat al\u00e9atoire, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9s pour post-traiter la pr\u00e9vision d\u00e9terministe issues des images du ciel. Les trois mod\u00e8les am\u00e9liorent consid\u00e9rablement la qualit\u00e9 de la pr\u00e9vision d\u00e9terministe originale. Cependant, la for\u00eat al\u00e9atoire donne les meilleurs r\u00e9sultats et fournit surtout des pr\u00e9visions probabilistes fiables.<\/p><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1996-1073\/16\/20\/7125\/pdf\">Download Article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14c8307 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"14c8307\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2171\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2171\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">The added value of combining solar irradiance data and forecasts: a probabilistic benchmarking exercise (2024), Renewable Energy<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2171\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2171\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">P., Lauret, R., Alonso-Su\u00e1rez, R., Amaro E Silva, J., Boland, M., David, W., Herzberg, J., Le Gall La Salle, E., Lorenz, L., Visser, W., Van Sark, W., &amp; T, Zech (<strong>2024<\/strong>). The added value of combining solar irradiance data and forecasts: A probabilistic benchmarking exercise. <i>Renewable Energy<\/i>, <i>237<\/i>, 121574. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.renene.2024.121574\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.renene.2024.121574<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>Despite the growing awareness in academia and industry of the importance of solar probabilistic forecasting for further enhancing the integration of variable photovoltaic power generation into electrical power grids, there is still no benchmark study comparing a wide range of solar probabilistic methods across various local climates. Having identified this research gap, experts involved in the activities of IEA PVPS T16<span class=\"s1\">\u00a0<\/span>agreed to establish a benchmarking exercise to evaluate the quality of intra-hour and intra-day probabilistic irradiance forecasts.<\/p><p>The tested forecasting methodologies are based on different input data including ground measurements, satellite-based forecasts and Numerical Weather Predictions (NWP), and different statistical methods are employed to generate probabilistic forecasts from these. The exercise highlights different forecast quality depending on the method used, and more importantly, on the input data fed into the models.<\/p><p>In particular, the benchmarking procedure reveals that the association of a point forecast that blends ground, satellite and NWP data with a statistical technique generates high-quality probabilistic forecasts. Therefore, in a subsequent step, an additional investigation was conducted to assess the added value of such a blended point forecast on forecast quality. Three new statistical methods were implemented using the blended point forecast as input.<\/p><div>To ensure a fair evaluation of the different methods, we calculate a skill score that measures the performance of the proposed model relative to that of a trivial baseline model. The closer the skill score is to 100%, the more efficient the method is. Overall, skill scores of methods that use the blended point forecast ranges from 42% to 46% for the intra-hour scenario and 27% to 32% for the intra-day scenario. Conversely, methods that do not use the blended point forecast exhibit skill scores ranging from 33% to 43% for intra-hour forecasts and 8% to 16% for intra-day forecasts.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>These results suggest that using (a) blended point forecasts that optimally combine different sources of input data and (b) a post-processing with a statistical method to produce the quantile forecasts is an effective and consistent way to generate high-quality intra-hour or intra-day probabilistic forecasts.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024-RE_IEA-PVPS_Proba_forecast_benchmark.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-647e9a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"647e9a7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1051\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1051\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Increasing the self-sufficiency of a university campus by expanding the PV capacity while minimizing the energy cost (2025), EPJ Photovolta\u00efcs<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1051\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1051\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">T. A., Randrianantenaina, J. Le Gal La Salle, S. V., Spataru, &amp; M., David, M. (2025). Increasing the self-sufficiency of a university campus by expanding the PV capacity while minimizing the energy cost. <i>EPJ Photovoltaics<\/i>, <i>16<\/i>, 7. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/epjpv\/2024048\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/epjpv\/2024048<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>Microgrids, which promote the production and consumption of renewable energy on site, are a relevant solution to reduce carbon emissions and the price of energy for end users. However, converting an existing building stock into a microgrid powered mainly by renewable energy requires finding a technical and economic optimum while taking into account strong constraints. This work proposes a methodology to achieve this objective on an existing university campus located in La Reunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean. The campus already has three photovoltaic (PV) systems and high-quality measurement data of weather, loads and energy production. The goal of the work is to find an optimal rooftop PV capacity that maximizes campus selfsufficiency while keeping energy price affordable for users. The results do not highlight a unique combination of roofs as a solution to the optimization problem. However, the analysis of possible combinations gives clear rules for defining the total photovoltaic capacity to be installed and selecting the most suitable roofs.<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2025-EPJ_Photovoltaics.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0180a40 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"0180a40\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1571\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1571\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Concevoir et dimensionner des micror\u00e9seaux autonomes: L\u2019exemple de TwInSolar. Innovations technologiques (2025), Techniques de l'ing\u00e9nieur<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1571\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1571\"><p>Le Gal La Salle, J., David, M., Lauret, P., &amp; Castaing-Lasvignottes, J. (2025). Concevoir et dimensionner des micror\u00e9seaux autonomes: L\u2019exemple de TwInSolar. <i>Innovations technologiques<\/i>. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51257\/a-v1-in199\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.51257\/a-v1-in199<\/a><\/p><p><strong style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: 1rem;\">Abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>Several studies suggest that energy networks, which are currently mainly centralized, could be more efficient through a wider integration of microgrids. Questions then arise about their optimal design. The PIMENT laboratory of the university of La Reunion created a new decision support software dedicated to the design of microgrids, that optimally sizes the key components according to specified performance indicators. This stochastic algorithm is based on the genetic algorithm approach. The results of a study case are deeply studied.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/FdS_TwIn_Solar_preprint.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdd527f elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"cdd527f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2151\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2151\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">A Set of New Tools to Measure the Effective Value of Probabilistic Forecasts of Continuous Variables<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2151\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2151\"><p>Le Gal La Salle, J., David, M., Lauret, P (2025). A Set of New Tools to Measure the Effective Value of Probabilistic Forecasts of Continuous Variables. <i>Forecasting, 7, 2<\/i>. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/forecast7020030\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/forecast7020030<\/a><\/p><p><strong style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: 1rem;\">Abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>In recent years, the prominence of probabilistic forecasting has risen among numerous research fields (finance, meteorology, banking, etc.). Best practices on using such forecasts are, however, neither well explained nor well understood. The question of the benefits derived from these forecasts is of primary interest, especially for the industrial sector. A sound methodology already exists to evaluate the value of probabilistic forecasts of binary events. In this paper, we introduce a comprehensive methodology for assessing the value of probabilistic forecasts of continuous variables, which is valid for a specific class of problems where the cost functions are piecewise linear. The proposed methodology is based on a set of visual diagnostic tools. In particular, we propose a new diagram called EVC (\u201cEffective economic Value of a forecast of Continuous variable\u201d) which provides the effective value of a forecast. Using simple case studies, we show that the value of probabilistic forecasts of continuous variables is strongly dependent on a key variable that we call the risk ratio. It leads to a quantitative metric of a value called the OEV (\u201cOverall Effective Value\u201d). The preliminary results suggest that typical OEVs demonstrate the benefits of probabilistic forecasting over a deterministic approach.<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/forecasting-07-00030.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f9bbc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"1f9bbc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-3311\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-3311\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">A simple method for quickly estimating solar irradiance forecast errors<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-3311\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-3311\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\">Lauret, P., David, M., Salle, J. L. G. L., Lorenz, E., Perez, R., &amp; Voyant, C. (2025). A simple method for quickly estimating solar irradiance forecast errors. <i>Solar Energy<\/i>, <i>301<\/i>, 113821. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.solener.2025.113821\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.solener.2025.113821<\/a><\/div><p><strong style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: 1rem;\">Abstract<\/strong><\/p><p>In this work, we develop simple linear models that allow users to predict solar irradiance forecast errors based<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif; font-size: 1rem;\">solely on solar variability at a specific location on Earth. These straightforward yet actionable models enable solar forecasters to quickly estimate forecast errors for a given site, providing a clear indication of how well their forecasting models are likely to perform. The error in deterministic solar irradiance forecasts is measured by the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), while solar variability is quantified by the standard deviation of an hourly time series of changes in the dimensionless clear sky index.<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p>Sixty sites distributed around the globe are used to build two types of RMSE prediction models. The first type is for intra-day forecasts (1-hour to 6-hour forecast horizons), while the second is for day-ahead forecasts (24-hour horizon). The derivation of the intra-day forecast error prediction model leverages on a non-linear time series approach whereas the one for day-ahead forecast error relies on forecasts issued by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). For each type of model, we calculate also the 2.5% and 97.5% percentiles of the distribution in order to estimate the 95% uncertainty interval associated with the prediction. This uncertainty interval defines the bounds of the RMSE within which 95% of future RMSE values are expected to fall. These error bounds can provide solar forecasters with valuable insights into the performance of their solar forecasting methods in relation to the forecast challenges posed by site-specific variability.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p>Verification against published results in the literature, specifically for seven sites of the SURFRAD network, demonstrates that these models can satisfactorily predict intra-day and day-ahead forecast RMSEs using only site-specific solar variability data.<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/1-s2.0-S0038092X25005845-main.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-77fe975 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"77fe975\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c68ea81\" data-id=\"c68ea81\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad26292 elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"ad26292\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_center   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile- ekit-heading__title-in-left\">\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__title-wrapper'>\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title\">Conf\u00e9rences<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__content-wrapper'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b1252b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b1252b5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a3ce56a\" data-id=\"a3ce56a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ba7bd0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"8ba7bd0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1461\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1461\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">A set of study cases for the massive integration of solar renewables in non-interconnected areas (2023), ISES SWC<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1461\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1461\"><p>M., David, M.N. \u00a0Andriamandroso, M. N., P., Behrensdorff Poulsen, J., Castaing-Lasvignottes, N., Cutululis, K., Das, C., Durif-Aboukali, J., Francou, P., Lauret, J., Le Gal La Salle, E., Lorenz, O., Marc, D., Melgar and S., Spataru (<strong>2023<\/strong>). A set of study cases for the massive integration of solar renewables in non-interconnected areas. <em>SWC 2023: ISES Solar World Congress 2023<\/em>, New-Delhi, 30 Oct. &#8211; 4 Nov. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18086\/swc.2023.05.02\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18086\/swc.2023.05.02<\/a><\/p><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div><span lang=\"EN-GB\">The massive integration of solar renewable energies is challenging in non-interconnected areas such as remote islands or isolated regions. Indeed, their power grid, which cannot rely on the support of larger electricity networks, is more vulnerable to the inherent variability of the solar resource and grid failures, such as sudden breakdown of production units or transmission lines. The TwInSolar project, funded by the European Commission, aims to provide support and solutions to overcome the problems faced by island territories not connected to continental electricity grids. As a part of this project, four study cases are presented to the scientific community, each highlighting specific issues observed at different scales on the island of La Reunion. This article aims to provide a detailed description of the four selected systems, the corresponding challenges, and the data available.<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/SWC-2023-Full-Paper-T5794_R1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DOWNLOAD ARTICLE<\/a> <a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/SWC_2023_slideshow_T5794.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DOWNLOAD PRESENTATION<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee819b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"ee819b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2501\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2501\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Probabilistic short-term prediction of global radiation using analog ensembles and satellite-based irradiation (2024),  Fachtagung Energiemeteorologie, Bad Staffelstein, Germany<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2501\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2501\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">E., Lorenz, T., Zech, W., Herzberg, P., Lauret, M., David (<strong>2024<\/strong>). Probabilistische Kurzfristvorhersage der Globalstrahlung mittels Analog Ensemble unter Nutzung von satellitenbasierter Einstrahlung. Fachtagung Energiemeteorologie, Bad Staffelstein, Germany, 24 Jan..<\/p><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div><span lang=\"EN-US\">At the German Energy Meteorology Conference in January 2024 Fraunhofer ISE presented on &#8220;Probabilistic short-term prediction of global radiation using analog ensembles and satellite-based irradiation&#8221; along with an evaluation of these forecasts in a probabilistic benchmark of intra-hour irradiance forecasting, a joint work with University of La Reunion. UR was leading the benchmarking exercise that was carried out in the framework of the IEA PVPS Task 16 \u201cSolar Resource for High Penetration and Large Scale Applications\u201d and received funding from the TwInSolar project. <strong>Warning<\/strong>: The presentation is written in German.<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-01-24_AnalogEnsemble_FachtagungEnMet_Public-1.pdf\">DownloaD PRESentation<\/a> \u00a0<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eab39d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"eab39d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2461\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2461\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Finding the Optimal Size and Design of a Microgrid Energy System Using Genetic Algorithm (2024), EU PVSEC<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2461\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2461\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">J., Le Gal La Salle, M., David, P., Lauret (<strong>2024<\/strong>). Finding the Optimal Size and Design of a Microgrid Energy System Using Genetic Algorithm. EU PVSEC 2024, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 \u00a0Sept. 2024.<\/p><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The laboratory PIMENT leads the Horizon European project \u201cTwInSolar\u201d, aiming to propose cost-effective technical solutions for establishing an electrical microgrid on the Terre Sainte campus, in the island of La Reunion. The primary goal is to maximize self-sufficiency of the microgrid, while ensuring the cost-effectiveness of the system. In order to achieve this multi-objective optimization, the laboratory PIMENT has developed a decision-making support tool called ERMESS, that uses genetic algorithm approach. ERMESS determines the optimal technical design of a microgrid based on meteorological data, existing assets, grid connection, and availability for new installations. The tool, initially created for TwInSolar, is now poised to become a standalone software, serving as an open-access decision-making tool for microgrid designers. As a first step, the promising results concerning the campus of Terre Sainte need to be consolidated, compared with those of already comparable existing tools and reviewed.<\/span><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.eupvsec.org\/index.php\/conference\/prizes-awards?view=article&amp;id=275&amp;catid=23\"><strong>Best poster award<\/strong><\/a><\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/EU_PVSEC_2024_poster_compressed.pdf\">Download POSTER<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b30a8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"6b30a8b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1121\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1121\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Increasing the self-sufficiency of the Terre Sainte campus microgrid by expanding the PV capacity while minimizing the cost (2024), EU PVSEC<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1121\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1121\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">T. A., <span lang=\"IT\">Randrianantenaina, <\/span>J., Le Gal La Salle, S. V., Spataru, M., David (<strong>2024<\/strong>). Increasing the self-sufficiency of the Terre Sainte campus microgrid by expanding the PV capacity while minimizing the cost. EU PVSEC 2024, Vienna, Austria, 23-27 \u00a0Sept. 2024.<\/p><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div><div><p><span lang=\"EN-US\">This work is dedicated to enhance the self-sufficiency of the the Terre Sainte campus of the University of La Reunion with onsite solar energy production. The main goal is to boost energy production by integrating additional photovoltaic (PV) panels while minimizing the installation and operation costs. To navigate toward this objective, four distinct tasks have been outlined. The first focus of the study is on validating the collected data before its application. Five thorough quality check tests have been carefully performed. This work clearly explains the significant importance of each test in ensuring the reliability of the dataset. Moving forward, the study dives into the simulation of the current microgrid PV systems, drawing comparisons with recorded data to assess the accurracy and reliability of the model. This step is important in establishing the performance of the simulation tool and its alignment with actual observations. In the next step, the research work provides a comprehensive exploration of the available rooftop areas on the campus, strategically identifying potential expanses for the scaling up of the microgrid PV capacity. By analyzing these available areas, the study lays the foundation for informed decision-making in the pursuit of an optimized and efficient solar energy system. Finally, using the results of the previous tasks, this study focuses on minimizing the Levelized Cost of Energy for self-consumption (LCOEsc) while maximizing the self-sufficiency. This strategic approach aims to help identify the optimal combinations of rooftops suitable for installing the additional PV panels.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>This work was selected for a publication in the Special Issue on &#8220;EU PVSEC 2024: State of the Art and Developments in Photovoltaics&#8221; of the journal EPJ Photovoltaics<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/EU_PVSEC_2024_DO.1.4_compressed.pdf\">Download PRESENTATION<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46e6a77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"46e6a77\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-7431\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-7431\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Inter-comparison and validation against in-situ measurments of satellite estimates of incoming solar radiation at Reunion BSRN site (2024), SASEC<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-7431\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-7431\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">Grondin, E., Grondin, D., Delsaut, M., Tang, C., &amp; Morel, B. (2024, November 13). Inter-comparison and validation against in-situ measurments of satellite estimates of incoming solar radiation at Reunion BSRN site. Southern African Sustainable Energy Conference SASEC 2024, Somerset West, South Africa.<\/p><\/div><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div>In Reunion, where the objective is a 100% renewable electricity mix by 2030, climate variability and complex topography make it difficult to integrate solar energy into the electricity grid. This study aims to compare satellite (SARAH-3) and in-situ (IOS-net) data of global horizontal irradiance (GHI) and direct normal irradiance (DNI). First, the entire methodology was applied to the Reunion BSRN site, then extended to all stations in the IOS-net network. The BSRN site was selected for its different sensors, which measure the three components of solar radiation using SPN1 pyranometers (GHI and diffuse horizontal irradiance, DHI) and CHP1 pyrheliometers (DNI). The BSRN site serves as a reference to assess the accuracy of the SARAH-3 satellite estimates for other IOS-net stations, which are only equipped with SPN1 sensors. This comparison allows us to assess the reliability of satellite data because in-situ data are very accurate but often incomplete. In contrast, satellite data are more systematically available but less accurate due to their dependence on estimation models and a lower spatial and temporal resolution. The study covers data from December 1, 2008 to April 1, 2024, focusing on DNI (2017-2024) for concentrated solar systems and GHI (2008-2024) for PV systems. In-situ data from Reunion are imported from IOS-net, quality-checked according to BSRN criteria, and matched with corresponding satellite data. High-quality measurements, at oneminute resolution, collected since 2008 are used to establish correlations between ground-based and satellite data, potentially filling data gaps and improving solar irradiance predictions. This approach could help estimate GHI and DNI in areas without meteorological stations, thereby identifying new regions with high solar potential.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2024_SASEC_satellite_estimates.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c170aaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"c170aaf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2021\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2021\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Modelling of a PV collective domestic hot water system<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2021\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2021\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"csl-entry\">Lange, J., Thome, R., Castaing-Lasvignottes J., David, M.. (2025, April 14-17). Modelling of a PV collective domestic hot water system. TRANSFERTS 2025, Saint-Pierre, La Reunion.<\/p><\/div><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div><p class=\"p1\">Since 2010, Domestic Hot Water (DHW), must be provided by solar energy in France. Many solutions are available for individual housing to comply with this regulation. However, collective thermal systems are complex and have high maintenance costs. An alternative solution recently proposed to address these problems and called DHW-PV, consists of a group of electric water heaters connected directly to photovoltaic (PV) panels. The first DHW-PV demonstrator was installed in 2019 on social housing. To improve this later, a numerical model of the DHW-PV is required. First, state-of-the-art models have been used to reproduce the performance of individual components. Then, validation has been performed with a model-measurement comparison and a sensitivity analysis. The resulting model shows a good agreement with the demonstrator leading to a mean bias error of 3.5% on the thermal energy transfers and -5.16% on the electricity produced with the PV plant.<\/p><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2025-04_Transferts_ECS-PV.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-92a81d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"92a81d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1531\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1531\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Evaluating IV curve derived features for fault detection<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1531\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1531\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"p1\">Bartholom\u00e4us, M., Poulsen, P.B., Dhimish, M., \u00a0Spataru, S.V. (2025, June 8-13). Evaluating IV curve derived features for fault detection. IEEE PVSC 2025, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.<\/p><\/div><\/div><p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p><div><p class=\"p1\">IV curves contain diagnostic information which characterizes faults in photovoltaic systems. Past research used IV curve derived features for fault detection, but a systematic investigation of features in outdoor conditions is missing. In this work, we perform outdoor IV measurements on module level with varying penetration of potential induced degradation, cell cracks, high series resistance and partial shade. We systematically evaluate eighteen IV derived features derived from the literature, investigating their ability to detect the faults. We calculate the feature\u2019s importance for classifying the faults using machine learning classification methods (ExtraTrees, RandomForest, XGBoost, and GradientBoosting). Classification method-specific differences were observed and later eliminated by averaging the feature importance from all methods. Results show R<span class=\"s1\">s<\/span>, V<span class=\"s1\">mp<\/span>\/V<span class=\"s1\">oc <\/span>and FF were most important to detect high series resistance, M pp<span class=\"s1\">f <\/span>, V<span class=\"s1\">te <\/span>and I<span class=\"s1\">mp<\/span>\/I<span class=\"s1\">sc <\/span>for potential induced degradation, the FF, I<span class=\"s1\">mp<\/span>\/I<span class=\"s1\">sc <\/span>and V<span class=\"s1\">te <\/span>for cell cracks, and M pp<span class=\"s1\">f <\/span>, V<span class=\"s1\">mp<\/span>\/V<span class=\"s1\">oc<\/span>, V<span class=\"s1\">mp <\/span>and FF to detect shade at an overall classification accuracy of 95%. Greater importance was found for features that require IV and sensor based irradiance measurements compared to maximum power point monitoring. The method applies to any feature\u2013fault combination and offers a strong indication of which features shall be further considered for fault detection strategies.<\/p><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2025_IEEE_PVSC_Evaluating_IV_features_for_fault_detection.pdf\">Download article<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9559f72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"9559f72\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1561\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1561\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Hybrid Renewable Power Plants for Green Ammonia Production: Optimal Operation and Economic Assessment<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1561\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1561\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"p1\">Gupta, M., Baize-Roche, F., Das, K. (2025, June 24-27). Hybrid Renewable Power Plants for Green Ammonia Production: Optimal Operation and Economic Assessment. WSEC 2025, Nante, France.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2025_WESC_GreenNH3.pdf\">Download Presentation<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-addf47e elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"addf47e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1821\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1821\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Production of eMethanol in hybrid renewable power plants with energy storage<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1821\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1821\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><div class=\"csl-bib-body\"><p class=\"p1\">Grandin, G., Gupta, M., Murcia Leon, J.P. (2025, June 24-27). Production of eMethanol in hybrid renewable power plants with energy storage. WSEC 2025, Nante, France.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/twinsolar.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/2025-WESC_eMethanol.pdf\">Download Presentation<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-13a4e7d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"13a4e7d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-eec56b6\" data-id=\"eec56b6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c579e2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"c579e2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper text_center   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile- ekit-heading__title-in-left\">\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__title-wrapper'>\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title\">Newsletters<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class='ekit-heading__content-wrapper'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-51ee1b2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"51ee1b2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e9ac40\" data-id=\"3e9ac40\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e8eb07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"0e8eb07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-1521\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-1521\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Newsletters<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-1521\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-1521\"><p>Find back all previous editions of the TwInSolar newsletter.<\/p><p>Do not forget to <a href=\"https:\/\/crpm.us12.list-manage.com\/subscribe?u=fccb0f3c1b7322ed590b29266&amp;id=821a79df86\">subscribe<\/a> to receive the next editions!<\/p><div>\u00a0<\/div><p><a style=\"background-color: #fec40d; color: #000000; border-radius: 47px 47px 47px 47px; padding: 15px 35px 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;\" href=\"https:\/\/mailchi.mp\/41c840ee5923\/twinsolarjune23?e=103d874bd7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NEWSLETTER #1 &#8211; June 2023<\/a><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mailchi.mp\/2d4ea97bf24d\/twinsolarjune23-15537332?e=[UNIQID]\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"background-color: #fec40d; border-radius: 47px; padding: 15px 35px; text-transform: uppercase;\">NEWSLETTER #2 &#8211; JANUARY 2024<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Publication library Journal articles Probabilistic Solar Forecasts as a Binary Event Using a Sky Camera (2023), Energies M., David, J., Alonso-Montesinos, J., Le Gal La Salle, P., Lauret (2023). 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